Academic blogs are transient, ephemeral and present a problem for citation, but their faults are not necessarily because of a distinct lack of mechanisms for preservation of digital material. Martin Eve writes that until we can be confident following a ‘paper’ trail of knowledge, blogs will not be merited with being cited as full-blown academic research.
At the risk of more meta, I wanted to jot down a few thoughts on blogs in scholarly research.
Sarah Quinnell recently wrote a post on the LSE impact blog, following up on her Guardian post that “blogs are increasingly recognised as a legitimate academic output”. I want to consider some of the problems here, but not from the perspective of content. As people who’ve read any of my work on scholarly communication will know, I don’t think there is necessarily a qualitative difference between the output mediums. So, let’s assume that, editorially, I think it is *possible* for blogs to have the same standard of output as a journal (even if, in the majority of cases, they don’t). However, blogs are transient, ephemeral, unarchived and present a problem for citation not, as Sarah makes out, because they would be placed at the lowest end of an impact hierarchy, but rather because of the mechanisms through which knowledge is constructed.
The sciences and humanities, although often portrayed as irreconcilable, actually both operate on a model of intersubjective consensus. Although the Hums are weaker in this regard, the eventual aim is to achieve some form of less-contested consensus on the object of study. Science picks up as a better example here though for how scholarly communications play a role. When I say I “know” something, often, now, the mathematics and physics behind such knowledge could be seen as an act of faith: I cannot myself verify the findings, so I believe the word of science and simply say “I know”. Now, the difference between science and religion here is the notion that, if I so wanted, I could become educated enough to understand how it works. I would achieve this by following the trail of what others have written, back from the most recent, through to the earlier papers upon which the more recent ones have based their assumptions. In this way, the history of a truth comes to light and can be verified, ideally back to the reality on which it is based, and that knowledge then amounts to more than faith.
Let us assume, now, though, that a crucial part of that chain is broken. At some point, one of the findings was published online, a blog or even just a website, that now no longer exists. There’s a problem, obviously. At present, the mechanisms for digital preservation are not sufficient to merit blogs being cited as full-blown academic research. There are, however, ways this could be fixed: if authors were willing to assign DOI numbers, with all the obligations that a contract with CrossRef regarding preservation entails, then, and perhaps only then, would the medium have a fighting chance. In the meantime, although I think blogs are the foremost means for academic public engagement, I’m afraid that my faith remains with those who preserve material in a way that makes it knowledge, not theology.
Note: This article gives the views of the author(s), and not the position of the Impact of Social Sciences blog, nor of the London School of Economics.
I agree that the archiving and reputability of single-author blogs can sometimes have problems. But this does not apply to multi-author blogs, such as those now run by newspapers, academic and scientific journals (from the Economist through to Scientific American).
And of course it does not apply to the four LSE Public Policy Group blogs, of which ‘Impact of the Social Sciences’ is one. All our blogs are
– carefully assessed and edited before being published
– archived beautifully in their printout form in the LSE’s online repository, LSE Research Online. There they have permanent URLs and DOI numbers so that they can always be securely reaccessed in future. LSE has committed to this being a permanent repository.
– Every one of our posts is tweeted by the blogs themselves and included in LSE Research Online’s listings, and from there is included in Google Scholar after only very short time lags. During this process, of course, all posts are fully retrievable from our blogs themselves and visible in main Google.
So can we please stop assuming that all blogs are single-author blogs. A vey large proportion of all blogs worlwide now are multi-author blogs (as Wikipedia’s entry on blogs now recognizes). Posts on mukti-author blogs should be referenced in exactly the same way as any other scholarly publication, along with a shortened URL.
The UK Web Archive hosted by the British Library is an important resource for preserving blogs. Anyone can apply to have their websites archived and the archive version of the blog is updated every six months. The only limitation is that comments on blog posts are not archived and the conversation/debate in these comments may be an important part of the blog.
http://www.webarchive.org.uk/ukwa/
My biggest concern is the accessibility of Government and other related on-line materials. The change of government saw wholesale archiving of previous Gov’s websites into National Archives with masses of broken links. My students and I have found trying to access some obvious materials about Spending Reviews, for example, very tricky.