Mar 26 2013

Can Turkey Learn Anything from Northern Ireland?

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by Zeynep N. Kaya and Matthew Whiting

PKK Fighter

By James Gordon, New York City, USA, Wikimedia

Recently a group of politicians and commentators from Turkey visited Northern Ireland to learn about its peace process and explore any lessons this might hold for the ongoing fragile negotiations between the Turkish government and the imprisoned leader of the Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK), Abdullah Öcalan. The visitors met with former rebels-turned-politicians from Sinn Féin as well as senior British and Irish political figures, in a trip that was endorsed by the Turkish Prime Minister, Recep Tayip Erdogan.

But not all politicians in Turkey were happy with the direction of the peace negotiations – the leader of the main opposition party, the Republican People’s Party (CHP), Kermal Kılıçdaroğlu, has claimed in the past that Britain’s actions in Northern Ireland were of a fundamentally different nature and cannot serve as a model for Turkey. Today, he is more supportive of entering negotiations with Öcalan, but he is critical of the government for entering negotiations without working through cross-party parliamentary structures. Therefore, it is prescient to ask if the Northern Irish model has any lessons for Turkish officials to achieve peace?

It is easy to see why Northern Ireland has become a tempting model to look to. The IRA and their political wing, Sinn Féin (literally translated as ‘We Ourselves’), emerged in Northern Ireland in 1969 and fought to unify Ireland in a 30-year ethno-nationalist war against the British army attempting to quell the rebellion along with British loyalists fighting to remain part of the United Kingdom. Yet, what was seen as one of the most intractable conflicts in post-World War II Europe was brought to a negotiated end in 1998 through the Belfast Agreement, which established a power-sharing settlement between the local adversaries. Given Turkey’s own ethno-national insurgency led by the PKK since 1984, an organisation geographically concentrated in the southeast of the country, the appeal of the Northern Irish model is strong, especially when it is noted that the conflict there was resolved while still retaining it as part of the United Kingdom for the immediate future.

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Feb 13 2013

Fawwaz Traboulsi is coming to London and other upcoming MEC events

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Professor Fawwaz Traboulsi, one of Lebanon’s leading academics, will speak at LSE this coming Monday, 18 February, from 630 to 8 pm. In his lecture,  ‘In the Eye of the Storm: The History of Lebanon Revisited’, he’ll talk about the problems and challenges in writing the history of Lebanon, how he has dealt — and proposes — to deal with them. The lecture is free and open to the public with first-come, first-served seating. 

And, while we’re at it, here’s the latest list of our upcoming Lent Term events:

The New Middle East: Protest and Revolution in the Arab World
Thursday, 21 February, 630 to 8 pm,
Sheikh Zayed Theatre
Speaker: Professor Fawaz Gerges, LSE
Respondent:Professor Charles Tripp, SOAS
Chair: Dr Kristian Coates Ulrichsen, LSE
What drives large-scale, popular mobilizations in the Middle East and North Africa? And what are the challenges and prospects for democratic transformation and consolidation in the region? This lecture, ahead of the release of the LSE Middle East Centre’s new book, The New Middle East: Protest and Revolution in the Arab World (Cambridge University Press), looks to explore these questions and more.

Conference: Transition in the Arab World
Sunday, 24 February, 915 am – 530 pm, American University of Sharjah

Speakers: Professor Fawaz Gerges, Professor Juan Cole, Professor Roger Owen, Professor Karim Mezran, Dr Kristian Coates Ulrichsen, Dr Gabriele Vom Bruck, Professor William Quandt
Leading scholars of the Middle East will examine the meanings and effects of the Arab uprisings on local, regional and international politics. The speakers will reflect on the comparative causes and drivers of the uprisings and also consider the challenges and prospects of political transition. Most of the presentations will examine specific countries in detail. Others will provide contextual analysis and examine the implications for international policy in the region.

Revolution as Gambling: Egypt Under the Muslim Brotherhood
Monday, 4 March, 630 – 8 pm, New Theatre, East Building
Speaker: Dr Hazem Kandil, Cambridge University
Chair: Professor Fawaz Gerges, LSE

Cambridge University’s Dr Hazem Kandil will help explain why Egypt’s popular uprising has so far failed to overthrow the regime through exploring the positions of the main players in the revolt: the military, security, and the various political factions. Kandil’s latest book, Soldiers, Spies and Statesmen: Egypt’s Road to Revolt, (Verso, 2012) analyses Egypt’s transformation from military regime to police state, on the road to revolution.

Energy Security and Shifting Global Power
Monday, 11 March, 630 – 8 pm, Clement House, Room 7.02
Speaker: Professor Roland Dannreuther, University of Westminster

Chair: Professor Fawaz Gerges, LSE
When there are shifts in distribution of power in international politics, energy security emerges as a salient concern. Professor Dannreuther will consider the implications of two shifts: first, the flow of energy from east to west (oil and gas) and the increasing links between Asia and energy-producing regions; and secondly, the flow from consumers of energy to producers of energy with the rise of resource nationalism.

The Politics of Nationalism in Modern Iran
Monday 18 March 2013, 18.30-20.00, Wolfson Theatre, New Academic Building

Speaker: Professor Ali Ansari, University of St Andrews
Chair: Dr Toby Dodge, LSE

Launching his latest book, The Politics of Nationalism in Modern Iran, Professor Ansari will explore the idea of nationalism in the creation of modern Iran, considering the broader developments in national ideologies that took place following the emergence of the European Enlightenment and showing how these ideas were adopted by a non-European state.

The Politics of Business in the Middle East After the Arab Spring
Thursday 21 March 2013, 18.30-20.00, New Theatre, East Building
Speakers: Dr Steffen Hertog, LSE; Dr Giacomo Luciani, Sciences-Po; and Dr Marc Valeri, University of Exeter
Chair: Professor Fawaz Gerges, LSE
This launch for Business Politics in the Middle East (Hurst, 2013) will cover the political role of regional capitalists during and after the Arab uprisings, prospects for the emergence of a more independent bourgeoisie, economic reform and new social contracts.


 

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Posted by: Posted on by Dania Akkad

Feb 1 2013

Arab World VS East Asia: Economic Development

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While East Asia’s economic success has soared in the past three decades, the Arab world has lagged behind. The University of Singapore’s Dr Ali Kadri takes a closer look at this frequent comparison and explores where things went wrong for Arab economies. “The reason for the poor Arab developmental showing,” he argues, ”is that the citizens in the Arab world had been denied the right to make a choice and to materialise their ambitions through the state.”  

By Dr Ali Kadri

Money, money, money, money. Money. (Courtesy: The O’Jays)

Compared to the economic performance of East Asian countries, the poor performance of the Arab world is remarkable. Since 1980, the bulk of the Arab economies experienced a less than one percent yearly average growth of real GDP per capita, one of the highest income inequality and unemployment rates globally, the lowest rates of investment of all regions and, plainly, the highest rate of armed conflict. The developmental comparative with East Asia’s impressive economic results in the last three decades always appears to go in the direction of how successful economies managed to question and outmanoeuvre the neoliberal recipe. The East Asian performance is said to offer an alternative to the existing model, one grounded in the tangible economic success of a number of economies and, in some way, a model to emulate. The very emergence of the ‘East Asian Model’ has broadened the scope for thinking about developmental policies and the necessity for some degree of dirigisme.

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Jan 30 2013

Hear ye, hear ye: Latest MEC podcasts on #Jordan and #Algeria

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Hear ye, hear ye (Ear from Henry Gray’s ‘Anatomy of the Human Body’)

Are you looking for a bit of context following the Jordanian elections last week  or in  the wake of Algeria’s In Amenas gas plant attack?  We have some podcasts for you:

On 23 January, Dr Tariq Tell, a political economist currently teaching at the Centre for Arab and Middle Eastern Studies at the American University of Beirut, examined the history of the emergence and consolidation of the modern state in Jordan under Ottoman, British and Hashemite rule. Podcast of “Is Jordan Immune to the Arab Spring Uprisings” available here.

And then, earlier this week on 28 January, University of Leicester’s Dr Rabah Aissaoui looked at Algeria between the two World Wars, focusing on political mobilisation of Algerians and how French colonial authorities, particularly the security services, responded in their intelligence gathering – a period marked by internal conflict and major tension. The podcast for “Colonial Control in Algeria: the French Security and Intelligence Services between the Two World Wars” is available here.

The LSE Middle East Centre has a regular evening lecture series that is free and open to the public. To join our mailing list and receive news about upcoming events, as well as MENA-focused job opportunities and research, please sign up here.

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Dec 12 2012

Book Review — Anthony Shadid’s House of Stone: A Memoir of Home, Family, and a Lost Middle East

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Before award-winning journalist Anthony Shadid died in February while reporting on the crisis in Syria, he wrote a memoir about returning to the town in Lebanon from which his relatives immigrated to the US at the turn of the 20th century and rebuilding the house which they left behind. Writer and blogger Marina Chamma, also an LSE Alum, reviews Shadid’s House of Stone: A Memoir of Home, Family and a Lost Middle East (Houghton Mufflin Harcourt, 2012).

By Marina Chamma

What I felt was bayt, and it led me to make a promise to myself, a commitment that I still cannot believe I honored after all these years. You see, I have not always been a man who kept his promises, and I have never been the type to stay home (Excerpt from House of Stone)

When Anthony Shadid revisited his ancestral village of Jedeidat Marjayoun in southern Lebanon in August 2007, he had found bayt, Arabic for house. Yet it meant more than the four walls and red-tiled roof that he meticulously set himself to restore in a year: the bayt he found was the home he had lost with the end of his tumultuous first marriage. At the same time, the bayt he found was also the community and sense of belonging that he had never felt before, no matter where his travels took him. And this, he also found in Marjayoun.

In retrospect, it would be easy to say that Shadid must have felt an unexplainable urgency to rebuild his ancestral home, as it was just three years later that he succumbed to an asthma attack while covering the early stages of the Syrian uprising in 2011.  Yet at the time, when the US-born New York Times correspondent and two-time Pulitzer Prize winner revisited Marjayoun, the urgency made perfect sense. 

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